2018年12月15日GRE阅读考题回顾
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发布日期：2018-12-17 09:31
摘要：2018年12月15日GRE考试顺利结束，相信很多正在备考GRE的同学们想要知道这次考试的考试内容，今天为了帮助大家更好的进行备考，青岛朗阁GRE培训老师就为大家带来2018年12月15日GRE阅读考题回顾，正在备考的同学们一起来看看吧。
2018年12月15日GRE考试已经结束，相信很多正在备考GRE的同学们想要知道这次考试的考试内容，今天为了帮助大家更好的进行备考，青岛朗阁GRE培训老师就为大家带来2018年12月15日GRE阅读考题回顾，正在备考的同学们一起来看看吧。
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GRE Test Review (Pool) Section：VERBAL- Reading Comprehension Arranger: Tammy Sun Date: 12/15/2018 |
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Pool Number： Passage 17 |
Early naturalists believed two species of beaver lived in North America: dam beavers and bank beavers. The bank species was thought to resemble the muskrat in behavior, living in burrows or lodges and unable to build dams. In fact, dams are primarily a strategy for dealing with annual variations in water levels. If water levels fall in summer, as they do in most of North America, then beavers lodge entrances may be exposed. With stabilized water levels, their homes are much safer. Along deep rivers, where bank beavers are found, this problem seldom arises. But these beavers do know how to build dams, and do so if the need arises, as may occur if they are forced to relocate after felling and consuming all nearby trees. 1. The passage provides support for which of the following statements about beaver dams? A. One important function of these dams is to protect beavers homes. B. Most are built prior to burrow construction. C. They are found mostly along deep rivers. D. They are routinely abandoned as nearby forests are depleted. E. They mainly protect beavers from rising water levels. 2. The passage implies which of the following about beavers? A. Bank beavers are unable to successfully compete with dam beavers when resources become scarce. B. Differences in dam-building behavior among beavers do not necessarily imply multiple beaver species. C. Building dams eventually causes beavers to deplete nearby resources. D. When conditions permit, beavers are more likely to build dams than burrows or lodges. E. In beavers, dam-building is an acquired rather than an innate skill. |
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Analysis |
答案：A B 文章讲的是早期自然主义者认为beaver可以根据是否会筑坝分为dam beavers and bank beavers. 然而作者认为bank beavers会筑坝，只是没有必要罢了。注意in fact在GRE 阅读中通常表示转折。 考频：2018.02.02, 2018.07.05, 2018.12.15 |
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Pool Number： Passage 52 |
The physicist Wallace Sabine pioneered the scientific study of architectural acoustics when he was asked in 1895 to fix a university lecture hall in which the echo of a speaker’s words rendered them unintelligible. He found that the length of time it takes a sound’s echo to decay is determined by the absorption of the sound’s original energy by surrounding material. By hanging panels of sound-absorbing felt on the walls, Sabine reduced the echo enough to make the hall usable. And the data he compiled yielded a mathematical formula for the relationship between a room’s echo duration, its quantity and quality of sound-absorbing materials, and its spatial volume. 1.Which of the following can be inferred about the ‘university lecture hall’ mentioned in the passage? A. It was not originally designed to be used for lecture. B. It was more suitable for listening to music than for listening to the spoken word. C. Its walls had surfaces made of material with very poor sound-absorbing properties. D. Its poor acoustics resulted from its being designed to accommodate a large audience. E. It was constructed at a time when sound-absorbing building materials were not readily available. 2. The passage suggests that Sabine’s work made which of the following possible for the first time? A. to make a room soundproof B. to build an auditorium out of sound-absorbing materials C. to construct an enclosed space in which sound would not echo D. to design a building to meet predetermined specifications with regard to echo duration E. to render any large room usable for public lectures and performances |
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Analysis |
答案：C D 问题解决型文章。文章讲W.S.被邀请解决一个大学教室有回声的问题，他成功找出原因并给出了公式。 本年度首次考到。 |
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Pool Number： Passage 54 |
The discovery of subsurface life on Earth, surviving independently from surface life, refuted the belief that biological processes require not only liquid water but sunlight as well, thus greatly enhancing the possibility of life beyond Earth. Take Jupiter’s moon Europa. Space probes show a body covered with a thick layer of ice. As Europa orbits its planet, however, it flexes due to the gravitational tug-of-war between it, its sister moons, and Jupiter. Through friction, this flexing produces heat in the moon’s interior capable of melting ice. Indeed, observations suggest liquid water exists beneath Europa’s icy crust. Photosynthetic life is impossible there because sunlight is completely absent, but life such as the microbes that flourish deep within earth may still be possible. 1. Life on Europa in the form suggested in the passage would be dependent on A. the protection Europa’s icy crust gives against the harmful components of sunlight B. the existence of water on Europa C. the motion of Europa around Jupiter 2. The highlighted sentence “take Jupiter’s moon Europa” serves to introduce A. an instance that allows a hypothesis to be tested B. speculation grounded in empirical discovery C. a deduction from a newly advanced hypothesis D. a large-scale effect of an apparently insignificant contingency E. the derivation of a contradiction to refute a claim |
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Analysis |
答案：BC B 文章提供了一个新发现：地球深处有生物存在，这就与之前的观点（生命存在离不开水和阳光）发生了分歧。后文整个是一个例子（Europa）用以论证。 本年度考频：2018.05.21, 2018.05.27, 2018.10.26, 2018.12.15 |
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Pool Number： Passage 116 |
Feminist scholars have tended to regard women in the nineteenth-century United States who elected to remain single as champions of women’s autonomy and as critics of marriage as an oppressive institution. Indeed, many nineteenth-century American women who participated in reform movements or who distinguished themselves as writers and professionals were single. Yet this view of single women tends to distort the meaning of their choices. The nineteenth century saw the elevation of marriage for love as a spiritual ideal. Consequently, it became socially acceptable for women not to marry if such an ideal marriage could not be realized with an available suitor. Thus, many women’s choice to remain single reflected not a negative view of marriage but a highly idealistic one. 1. The author of the passage implies that many nineteenth-century American women chose to remain single because they A. believed that marriage required them to give up much of their autonomy B. had attitudes toward marriage that were influenced by contemporary reform movements C. wanted to take advantage of increasing opportunities to distinguish themselves as professionals D. doubted that their own marriage would live up to their notion of what a marriage ought to be E. had a negative view of marriage fostered by a change in social attitudes during the nineteenth century Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply. 2. The author of the passage suggests that the feminist scholars mentioned in the first sentence distort the meaning of certain nineteenth-century American women’s choices by A. ascribing those choices to a particular attitude toward marriage B. ignoring evidence about single women’s motives for becoming writers or professionals C. overestimating the number of nineteenth-century American women who were single by choice. |
| Analysis |
答案：D A 典型的新老观点对比型文章。老观点认为19世纪美国女性保持单身是因为要保持独立；而新观点认为她们保持单身是为了寻求真爱。这是课堂上重点讲的一篇文章。 本年度首次考到 |
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Pool Number： Passage 129 |
A critical consensus has emerged that Mary McCarthy will be remembered primarily as an essayist rather than as a novelist. But despite her formidable gifts as a polemical and discursive writer, and for all her reputation as an intellectual who sacrificed feeling to intelligence, what powers McCarthy’s best essays are her fictional rather than strictly intellectual gifts. She makes her points by telling stories or by way of vivid description, arresting images and subtle characterization. And for all her exacting sense of fact, McCarthy’s greatest contribution was to blur the distinctions between different kinds of prose writing: to show how fiction could be opened up to the thinking mind and how essays could profit from the techniques of fiction. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply. 1. The author of the passage suggests that Mary McCarthy’s writing is characterized by A. The use in her essays of devices more typical in works of fiction B. A narrowing of the differences between narrative and expository prose C. Careful attention to factual accuracy. 2. In the context in which it appears, “discursive” most nearly means A. Prolific B. Sophistic C. Rambling D. Analytical E. Circuitous |
| Analysis |
答案：ABC D 文学类文章，介绍了McCarthy的写作特点。第二题词汇题较难。据韦氏字典释义，discursive有marked by a method of resolving complex expressions into simpler or more basic ones : marked by analytical reasoning这样的意思。 本年度首次考到 |
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Pool Number： Passage 130 |
Some archaeologists speculate that the Americas might have been initially colonized between 40,000 and 25,000 years ago. However, to support this theory it is necessary to explain the absence of generally accepted habitation sites for that time interval in what is now the United States. Australia, which has a smaller land area than the United States, has many such sites, supporting the generally accepted claim that the continent was colonized by humans at least 40,000 years ago. Australia is less densely populated (resulting in lower chances of discovering sites) and with its overall greater aridity would have presented conditions less favorable for hunter gatherer occupation. Proportionally, at least as much land area has been lost from the coastal regions of Australia because of postglacial sea-level rise as in the United States, so any coastal archaeological record in Australia should have been depleted about as much as a coastal record in the United States. Since there are so many resource-rich rivers leading inland from the United States coastlines, it seems implausible that a growing population of humans would have confined itself to coasts for thousands of years. If inhabitants were present 25,000 years ago, the chances of their appearing in the archaeological record would seem to be greater than for Australia. 1. The passage is primarily concerned with doing which of the following? A. Presenting an objection to a claim B. Accounting for an apparent anomaly C. Outlining an alternative interpretation D. Correcting a particular misconception E. Questioning the validity of a comparison 2. The author of the passage implies which of the following about 25,000 years ago? A. The coastline of the region that is now the United States is longer than it was 40,000 years ago. B. Rivers in what is now the United States were numerous than they are now. C. Australia was less densely populated at that time than was the region that is now the United States. D. Australia’s climate was significantly drier than it is now. E. Global sea level was lower than it is now. 3. The author of the passage implies that, in what is now the United States, archaeological evidence of inhabitation in the period from 40,000 to 25,000 years ago is lacking because that region is A. had its oldest habitation sites inundated following a postglacial rise in sea level B. has many resource-rich rivers that facilitated the dispersal of early inhabitants from an initial concentration in coastal areas C. was sparsely populated until about 25,000 years ago D. was colonized less than 25,000 years ago E. was inhabited only by hunter-gatherers until 25,000 years ago |
| Analysis |
答案：A E D 考古类文章。对比了澳洲进行了美洲的定居点研究。需要仔细定位原文。 本年度考频：2018.09.14, 2018.10.12, 2018.12.15 |
| RECAP | 此次GRE阅读考试中了许多中短篇文章。这几篇文章都不算难，重点是要把握逻辑关系。这也是这个考试旨在考察大家的能力。 |
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