上节内容中，青岛朗阁与大家浅谈了由朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师总结的雅思写作思路，下面我们通过一些考题来深入了解对比论证的应用，比较经典的对比论证就出现在了大家所熟悉的剑桥雅思5的雅思写作gap year范文中。

　　Topic 1: In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this.

　　首先，我们分析一下这篇文章的审题思路。文章的对象是高中毕业生，两边的对立面是高中毕业后直接上大学和高中毕业后工作或者旅游一年再去上大学。从题目关键词切入，优点分析可以从很多方法进行分类讨论。比如可以从工作一年的优点与旅游一年的优点分析，可以与直接上大学的学生对比，经历gap year一年的学生的优点。可以从学生的不同情况，穷学生与富学生体验一年gap year的好处分析等等，思路非常多。

　　同理，论述缺点的时候也是一样的思维方式。

　　The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. They tend to be more independent, which is very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.

　　本题的出题特点是分析gap year的优缺点，在开始我们就提过，在两边对立面以及优缺点分析时，对比论证一直是一种比较常用的论证方法。但是在用对比论证之前，要明确文章正反对比的对象，本题中很明显是拿直接上大学的学生和gap year的学生进行对比。将直接上大学的学生对知识与经验的缺乏与工作或旅游一年可以开阔眼界、积累人脉进行对比论证。然后用了结果论证，论述了这样的好处，对未来的帮助来收尾。所以，将对比论证与结果论证结合也是一种有效的思路。
 

　　Topic 2: Companies should encourage old employees (55 year old) to retire, in order to give opportunities to the new generation. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　The main reason for the trend is that firms need more fresh employees. Compared to older generation, the new has got more advanced technology and the energy to exploit in many ways, as well as having learnt a great amount of academic knowledge in university or college. It is more useful in terms of the development of companies in the future.

　　本题考的是老人是否应该退休给年轻人更多机会，学生选取的角度是同意退休。本题的出题特点就是题目出现了两个比较对象，让考生进行选择，很明显，对比论证可以很好地进行应用。学生选的论点一是：年轻人可以给公司注入新鲜的血液。可以正反对比分析，年轻人的优势：知识比较先进，更能掌握最新科技。然而老人已经落伍了，跟不上时代的发展了。当然了，对于正反描述替换有难度的考生来说，用compared to这个结构也是一个机智的选择。
 

　　Topic 3: Some people think computers and the Internet are important in children’s study, but others think students can learn more effectively in schools and with teachers. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

　　To begin with, in order to complete the homework assigned, children need to participate in the group discussion, which helps them to finish the assignments with great efficiency. In contrast to the Internet-based learning form, this kind of traditional schooling positively affect them not only in getting work done in a relatively short time, but also in developing their ability to acquire skills of interacting with their peers.

　　本题考的是老师教学与电脑教学的讨论分析。根据出题特点，双边讨论型题目，在对一方观点进行论述的时候，可以把另一方观点作为对立面来进行对比论证。范例论述的是在校学习的好处，有社交更有效率。直接用了in contrast to这个结构与网络学习进行了对比，一笔带过比较对象，也没有进行详细的正反分析。这主要取决于考生的思路决定是具体比较还是侧重描述一方。

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