考试日期

2015年06月27日

Passage 1

Title：Alfred Nobel

The man behind the  Nobel Prize

Question  types：

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 6 题

Summary 7 题

Alfred  Nobel的文章是我在精品课上讲过的哦（其实朗阁雅思基础班就讲过相似文章）！尤其是7道summary，基本上是原题重现！所以在朗阁上过精品班的同学打开试题的一刻有没有飞起来~

参考阅读

A Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has  been honoring men and women from all comers of the globe for outstanding  achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and for work in peace.  The foundations for the prize were laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his  last will, leaving much of his wealth to the establishment of the Nobel  Prize.

B Alfred Nobel was born in  Stockholm on October 21, 1833. His father Immanuel Nobel was an engineer and  inventor who built bridges and buildings in Stockholm. In connection with his  construction work Immanuel Nobel also experimented with different techniques  for blasting rocks. Successful in his industrial and business ventures,  Immanuel Nobel was able, in 1842, to bring his family to St. Petersburg.  There, his sons were given a first class education by private teachers. The  training included natural sciences, languages and literature. By the age of  17 Alfred Nobel was fluent in Swedish, Russian, French, English and German.  His primary interests were in English literature and poetry as well as in  chemistry and physics. Alfred’s father, who wanted his sons to join his  enterprise as engineers, disliked Alfred’s interest in poetry and found his  son rather introverted.

C In order to widen Alfred’s  horizons his father sent him abroad for further training in chemical  engineering. During a two year period Alfred Nobel visited Sweden, Germany,  France and the United States. In Pads, the city he came to like best, he  worked in the private laboratory of Professor T. J. Pelouze, a famous  chemist. There he met the young Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero who, three  years earlier, had invented nitroglycerine, a highly explosive liquid. But it  was considered too dangerous to be of any practical use. Although its  explosive power greatly exceeded that of gunpowder, the liquid would explode  in a very unpredictable manner if subjected to heat and pressure. Alfred  Nobel became very interested in nitroglycerine and how it could be put to  practical use in construction work. He also realized that the safety problems  had to be solved and a method had to be developed for the controlled  detonation of nitroglycerine.

D After his return to Sweden in  1863, Alfred Nobel concentrated on developing nitroglycerine as an explosive.  Several

explosions, including one (1864)  in which his brother Kmil and several other persons were killed, convinced  the authorities that nitroglycerine production was exceedingly dangerous.  They forbade further experimentation with nitroglycerine within the Stockholm  city limits and Alfred Nobel had to move his experimentation to a barge  anchored on Lake Malaren. Alfred was not discouraged and in 1864 he was able  to start mass production of nitroglycerine. To make the handling of  nitroglycerine safer Alfred No el experimented with different additives. He  soon found that mixing nitroglycerine with kieselguhr would turn the liquid  into a paste which could be shaped into rods of a size and form suitable for  insertion into drilling holes. In 1867 he patented this material under the  name of dynamite. To be able to detonate the dynamite rods he also invented a  detonator

(blasting cap) which could be  ignited by lighting a fuse. These inventions were made at the same time as  the pneumatic drill came into general use. Together these inventions  drastically reduced the

cost of blasting rock, drilling  tunnels, building canals and many other forms of construction work.

E The market for dynamite and  detonating caps grew very rapidly and Alfred Nobel also proved himself to be  a very skillful entrepreneur and businessman. Over the years he founded  factories and laboratories in some 90 different places in more than 20  countries. Although he lived in Paris much of his life he was constantly  traveling. When he was not traveling or engaging in business activities Nobel  himself worked intensively in his various laboratories, first in Stockholm  and later in other places. He focused on the development of explosives  technology as well as other chemical inventions, including such materials as  synthetic rubber and leather, artificial sill, etc. By the time of his death  in 18% he had 355 patents.

F Intensive work and travel did  not leave much time for a private life. At the age of 43 he was feeling like  an old man. At this time he advertised in a newspaper "Wealthy,  highly-educated elder gentleman seeks lady of mature age, versed in  languages, as secretary and supervisor of household. " The most  qualified applicant turned out to be an Austrian woman, Countess Bertha  Kinsky. After working a very short time for Nobel she decided to return to  Austria to marry Count Arthur yon Sutrner. In spite of this Alfred Nobel and  Bertha von Suttner remained friends and kept writing letters to each other  for decades. Over the years Bertha von Suttner became increasingly critical  of the arms race. She wrote a famous book, Lay Down Your Arms and became a  prominent figure in the peace movement. No doubt this influenced Alfred Nobel  when he wrote his final will which was to include a Prize for persons or  organizations who promoted peace. Several years after the death of Alfred  Nobel, the Norwegian Storting (Parliament) decided to award the 1905 Nobel  Peace Prize to Bertha von Suttner.

G Alfred Nobel died in San Remo,  Italy, on December 10, 1896. When his will was opened it came as a surprise  that his fortune was to be used for Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology  or Medicine,

Literature and Peace. The  executors of his will were two young engineers, Ragnar Sohlman and Rudolf  Lilljequist. They set about forming the Nobel Foundation as an organization  to take care of the

financial assets left by Nobel for  this purpose and to coordinate the work of the Prize-Awarding Institutions.  This was not without its difficulties since the will was contested by  relatives and questioned by authorities in various countries.

H Alfred Nobel’s greatness lay in  his ability to combine the penetrating mind of the scientist and inventor  with the forward-looking dynamism of the industrialist. Nobel was very  interested in social and peace-related issues and held what were considered  radical views in his era. He had a great interest in literature and wrote his  own poetry and dramatic works. The Nobel Prizes became an extension d a  fulfillment of his lifetime interests.

题型技巧分析

判断题依然是考试频率最高的试题，有以下特点点需要注意：

1.    两大类型 :TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;

YES/NO/NOT  GIVEN

2.    顺序原则

3.    只考细节

4.    同义转换

参考答案：

Questions 1-6

1.The  first Nobel Prize was awarded in 1895. (FALSE)

2.  Nobel’s father wanted his son to have better education than what he had had.  (NOT GIVEN)

3.  Nobel was an unsuccessful businessman. (FALSE)

4.  Bertha yon Suttner was selected by Nobel himself for the first peace prize. (FALSE)

5.  The Nobel Foundation was established after the death of Nobel. (TRUE)

6.  Nobel’s social involvement was uncommon in the 1800’s. (TRUE)

Questions 7-13

Education:

Having  accumulated a great fortune in his business, Nobel’s father determined to  give his son the best education and sent him abroad to be trained in 7 _chemical  engineering_ During Nobel’s study in Paris, he worked in a private  laboratory, where he came in contact with a young Scientist (engineer) 8 _construction_  and his invention nitroglycerine, a more powerful explosive than 9 _gunpowder_  .

Benefits in construction works:

Nobel  became really interested in this new explosive and experimented on it. But  nitroglycerine was too dangerous and was banned for experiments within the  city of 10 _Stockholm_ .So Nobel had to move his experiments to a  lake. To make nitroglycerine easily usable, Nobel invented dynamite along  with 11 _detonator_ while in the meantime 12 _pneumatic drill_  became popular, all of which dramatically lowered the 13 _cost_ of  construction works.

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Passage 2

Title：Report of the state of the digital music

Question  types：

list heading  7 题

summary 4 题

多选（5选2 ）2 题

文章大意

电子音乐

题型技巧分析

List of Headings的解题步骤：

1.    阅读题目要求，把例题所选小标题从小标题列表中划掉，把已选段落从文章中划掉，把不需要选的段落在文章中划掉。

2.    阅读所有小标题，划出关键词，预测段落信息。

3.    浏览段落，首二末。

4.    比较段落与小标题，可用排除法。

参考答案：

21. games

22. conventional stores

23. market share

24-25. BD

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Passage 3

Title：British Farming Work

Question  types：

Multiple  Choice 5题；

TRUE/FALSE/NOT  GIVEN 5题

Short Answer  Questions 3题

文章大意

英国战前战后农业政策，温饱解决后注意一些环保政策

题型技巧分析

简答题解题步骤：

1.找出题目中的关键词，最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。

2.从头到尾快速阅读该段落，根据题目中的其他关键词，确定正确答案。

3.答案要对应题目中的特殊疑问词。

4.要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序与原文的顺序基本一致。

参考答案：

B

TRUE

NOT GIVEN

FALSE

TRUE

agriculture depression

public concern

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考试趋势分析和备考指导

本场雅思阅读考试中判断题依然是题量最大的题型，summary连续两周和判断题题量一样，也上升为最高频题型，考生们要提别注意。本次考试出现了List of Headings题型，此题型在4月考了两次，在5，6月各考了一次，出现频率较低。另外在4，5月出现频率较高的句子完成题在6月的后两次考试中并未出现。考生们可根据最近的题型趋势，结合自己的优劣势，安排复习。