在上一篇文章《托福听力失分点之基础问题篇》中，我们先分析了一些托福听力基础问题，列举了一些考生们常犯的错误。下面，我们继续来看考生们因为托福听力常考原则造成的失分，想知道你为什么托福听力老失分?就跟着小编接着往下看吧~

　　二、常考原则篇

　　托福听力出题实际上有一些原则，考生由于不熟悉这些出题原则或位置，在记笔记时有所遗漏或不够准确也会造成令人可惜的失分情况。

　　1.首尾：开头，结尾

　　如TPO 19 Q1

　　Why does the man go to see the professor?

　　A. To ask for heap in choosing a topic for his term paper.

　　B. To ask the professor to explain how to complete an assignment.

　　C. To ask about a point raised in a recent lecture.

　　D. To offer to help the professor with her research project.

　　答案为C, 托福听力原文为：

　　“… Yeah, I can see how that might do the trick. But, anyway, What I want to ask was, when you started talking about game theory. Well, I know a little bit about it, but I am not clear about its use in biology.”

　　由此得知，教授在课上的一个讲座提出了一个观点，引起学生兴趣，因此，学生来找教授探讨这个话题。这道托福听力题前面教授和学生有许多寒暄，考生易做泛听，但若考生熟悉对话的结构，开头部分是一定会出题的，就不会遗漏关键信息。

　　2.列举及特点

　　如TPO 20 Q25

　　How is the story of the bear and the fox characteristic of Norwegian animal stories?

　　A. It explains the origin of a physical characteristic of an animal

　　B. It uses animal behavior to explain human characteristics

　　C. It shows how animals were domesticated by people

　　D. It contains episodes of animals changing into people

　　答案为A, 托福听力原文为：

　　Professor: “…The point of these stories, their, their internal objectives, so the speak, is usually to explain some feature of the animal, how it arose. So there is one about a fox who fools a bear into going ice fishing with his tail.”

　　这道托福听力题教授解析动物故事里的动物特征，熟悉命题原则的考生听到feature这个词就应有相应警觉性了，因为讲解特点常常是托福听力命题的位置，而没有这个意识的考生有时即使泛听听懂了也选不对。

　　3.举例，包括离题信息也常是命题点，考生要熟悉

　　如TPO 19 Q9

　　Based on the discussion, what information can be shown on a tree model?

　　A. That several languages share a common ancestor

　　B. Whether a language is in the process of dying out

　　C. When a certain language came into existence

　　D. Why sister languages exist in the same geographical area

　　该题答案为A, 托福听力原文为：

　　“…A tree model for a language family starts with one language, which we call a mother language, for example, Proto-Indo-European. The mother language, is the line on the top of this diagram, over time, it branches off into new daughter languages, which branch into daughter languages of their own, and languages that have the same source, the same mother, are called sisters, they share a lot of characteristics, and this went on until we are looking at a big upside down tree languages like this.”

　　由上文可知，语言的树状模型能够显示出不同的语言是否源自于相同的源语言。教授在讲座中举的例子常常是托福听力出题的地方，考生需有一定的警觉性，而没有这个意识的考生自然笔记记不全，造成托福听力失分。

　　4.转折

　　如TPO 18 Q9

　　What was the importance of Schwabe’s observations?

　　A. They determined the age of sunspots.

　　B. They established that sunspots appear in cycles.

　　C. They proved that sunspots were actually on the sun

　　D. They showed the reason that sunspots change their shape

　　转折词之后都是重要信息，该题是个明显的例子。答案为B, 托福听力原文为：

　　“Then in 1843, astronomer named Heinrich Schwa be made an interesting claim… In the end, there was no planet, but there was evidence that the number of sunspots increased and decreased in a pattern, a pattern that began repeating after 10 years, and that was a huge breakthrough.”

　　5.强调：语气，语义

　　很多时候，托福听力中谈话者会有意识重读一些重要信息，尽管我们不太确定会怎样出题，也要先记下来。

　　以上就是托福听力中的一些常考原则了，很多考生因为对它们的不明确而失分。考生们在托福听力考试中一定要多关注这些点，明确出题点，这样才不会被牵着鼻子走。青岛朗阁智美专注于托福培训，更多问题可以咨询在线客服哦~

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