通过上节内容的学习，相信各位同学都已经对托福口语第四题的阅读材料有所了解，朗阁海外考试中心的崔老师下面将结合托福口语真题为大家做详细的分析：
 

　　上节内容请点击→这里 进行复习 (〃'▽'〃)
 

　　第三种情况是我们找到的学术名词第一次出现的一句话既不是主旨句也不是导入性的句子，而是一个总结性的句子。这些句子的标志语往往是this is known/seen/referred to as xxx, this is what we call xxx, these behaviors are xxx等。比如下面这个例子：
 

　　Comfort Zone Bias

　　Psychologists have found that when people make important decision, they often choose to stay in their “Comfort Zone”; that is, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones. This tendency is often referred to as the comfort zone bias. When people are reasonably content, they often decide not to pursue a new opportunity, even if it attracts them and offers more advantages. Psychologists believe that the comfort zone bias exists not only because we have a natural preference for what we already know, but also because we want to avoid taking risks.
 

　　这个段落中我们能快速定位到第四行，也就是第二句‘This tendency is often referred to as the comfort zone bias’是学术名词comfort zone bias首次完整出现的一句，但是我们知道这一句并不是解释，而是总结说“这种趋势”叫做comfort zone bias，这时我们就要去前面找“这种趋势”究竟是哪种趋势。所以我们往前读一句，发现：

　　when people make important decision, they often choose to stay in their “Comfort Zone”; that is, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones.

　　这句就是本文的主旨句。
 

　　朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师研究总结了大量的托福口语真题，发现第四题的阅读基本都适用这三种情况，所以考生们可以按照这种方法提高阅读速度。
 

　　彩蛋

　　接下来，找完主旨句，我们就需要判断还有没有其他得分点需要记。托福口语第四题的阅读不一定都有两个原因或目的这样的细节可以记，所以考生要自己判断是否有这样的内容。比如刚才我们举过的establishing shot的例子，文章中有很明显的标志词one purpose和also，所以我们立即就能决定记下这两个点。而像另外两篇文章，我们并不能立即发现有特点的细节，所以考生只能快速阅读剩下的句子。

　　在这里我们需要注意的是，托福口语第四题如果想拿比较高的分数，对阅读文章的精确概括十分重要。除了主旨句应该记哪些内容而不记哪些内容十分考验考生的能力，所以关于第四题的阅读材料笔记内容老师会另外讨论，不在这里详细解释了。

　　而关于主旨句的记录，许多同学不确定在找出主旨句之后应该记哪些词不记哪些词。我们先来看看两个例子。
 

　　1. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away.

　　本句是文章的主旨句，我们发现它其实不算长，所以这种情况我们直接记全句。记全句的好处就是在你看不懂的前提下保证你在复述的时候拿到一定的分数。
 

　　2. Psychologists have found that when people make important decision, they often choose to stay in their “Comfort Zone”; that is, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones. This tendency is often referred to as the comfort zone bias.

　　这个例子里主旨句太长，我们不可能全都记下来，所以只需要记有用的内容，一些“虚词”和重复的内容都可以省略。比如，Psychologists have found that只是起一个导入的作用，真正重要的是心理学家发现了什么，所以这几个词是空话，是废话，所以我们不记。

　　接下来，文章对they often choose to stay in their “Comfort Zone”做出了解释，也就是they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones，所以这两句意思一样，我们只记后一句更具体的解释，所以目前我们需要记的就是when people make important decision, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations, rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones。

　　学过语法和逻辑的同学知道，rather than表示这个词组之前的内容重要而之后的内容不重要，所以我们没有时间的话就可以省略rather than entering into new, unfamiliar ones这些内容。这么一来，我们最终需要记录的就只剩下when people make important decision, they prefer remaining in comfortable, familiar situations，我们的任务就简单多了，复述起来也不浪费时间了。

扫二维码，添加朗阁咨询老师，备注“官网”

免费领取雅思、托福备考计划、精选资料，最新口语新题考点资料