青岛朗阁下面将继续上节讲到的托福口语的内容，为同学们介绍托福口语听力部分常见的出题套路：

　　V. 听力部分常见套路解析
 

　　1. 对话主体：

　　托福口语听力材料是由两个老伙计的对话构成的，一个是“持有强烈意见人”，一个是“酱油人”。其中，持有强烈意见人会在谈话的开头部分就对阅读中政策或者意见提出肯定或者否定的表述，后面就会给出自己持有此态度的原因和细节。酱油人顾名思义就是基本是打酱油的人，所以她或他的存在只是对话能够持续进行的陪衬而已。

　　对话中，约百分之七十“持有强烈意见人”都是持有反对意见的。下面是对态度进行的详细统计(数据来源是除TPO 35-39外的TPO材料)：

　　赞同：5, 12, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, 30, 32, 40, 43;

　　反对：1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, 33, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48。
 

　　2. 回答策略：

　　对于托福口语综合部分的作答很多人都是比较模糊的，其中一些指示性的词和提示往往也容易被人忽略，比如材料中常会有这么一句话：

　　Question: The man/woman expresses his/her opinion of the Reading Passage. State his/her opinion and explain the reason he/she gives for holding that opinion.
 

　　这个提示就告诉考生你的托福口语答案中必须包含三个内容：

　　1. Reading passage

　　2. State his/her opinion

　　3. Explain the reason he/she gives for holding that opinion
 

　　其中第一个点是考生最容易忽略的，如果不需要陈述阅读内容的话，ETS为什么要花那么多精力去撰写，给你那么长时间去准备呢?所以存在即合理，要把握和利用好出题人给的条件和要求。

　　第二点阐释观点，已经在上文提到过，这里不再赘述，你就表述她或他支持还是反对的意见即可。

　　第三点是占据我们答案最多的部分，也是比较难以取舍和把控的部分，这里笔者将对常见的论述的套路进行解析和抽离。
 

　　3. 托福口语论述内容套路分析：

　　(1). 描述细节

　　例如TPO 3, 阅读中学校要让学生吃冷的早餐：

　　(woman) Do you believe any of this? It’s ridiculous.

　　(man) What do you mean? It is important to eat healthy foods.

　　(woman) Sure it is! But they are saying a yogurt is better for you than an omelet or than hot cereal? I mean, whether something is hot or cold, that shouldn’t be the issue. Let’s say maybe on a really cold morning, in that case, which is going to be better for you, a bowl of cold cereal or a nice warm omelet? It’s obvious. There’s no question.
 

　　(2). 给出具体例子

　　例如TPO 12, 托福口语阅读中学校要对radio station进行大改变：

　　(woman) Besides, the whole university will benefit from it.

　　(man) What do you mean?

　　(woman) Well, you know my friend Tony, right? He told me that the radio station at his university did something like this about five years ago.

　　(man) And?

　　(woman) Well, it’s a success! They are making a lot of money out of commercials and they are using it to offer more scholarships and to help fund projects to renovate the facilities of other programs.

　　(man) That sounds really good.
 

　　(3). 有序列举

　　例如TPO 30, 托福口语阅读中学生建议学校的建设工程其实可以在暑假进行：

　　(woman) Yeah, I do. Take his first reason. Like, I know you don’t drive, but I do drive here every day, so I need a place to park my car. And remember last year when they decided to repair some of the parking lots?

　　(man) Oh yeah, I remember that, there was a lot of work going on, wasn't there? Starting in December.

　　(woman) Right, at least four lots were closed, and that meant there weren't enough parking spots for students and professor’s cars. I usually had to circle around looking for parking on one of the streets. And then walk from the street all the way to my classes.

　　(man) That’s annoying.

　　(woman) Yeah, and it happened to a lot of other people in my classes too! People were always arriving late because of the trouble they had parking. Sometimes even my professors were late.

　　(man) Yeah.

　　(woman) And also, his second point? That makes sense too. I mean, for instance, part of the reason those parking lot repairs last year took so long was because of the big snowstorms. They had to keep stopping, sometimes for a week or two at a time, because of snow and ice on the ground.
 

　　(4). 给出原因

　　例如TPO 1, 阅读中学生建议不要在校园中建立新的sculpture。

　　(woman) Well, you know why Paul is upset. He and his friends are always out there on the lawn right where the sculpture will be, kicking around the soccer ball. Now they’ll just have to use another part of the campus to play.

　　(man) Oh! So he just doesn't want to have to move.
 

　　(5). 给出结果

　　例如TPO 34, 阅读中学校为学生提供免费导师指导项目。

　　(man) I see what you mean, so new students could get access to information about the program from another student’s point of view.

　　我们了解完托福口语听力常见的展开套路以后，就需要把材料拼装成我们自己的答案了。这里同学们一定要记住一个关键点，也是拿到高分的小窍门，就是两个字：转述!ETS口语出题的目的绝不是培育出一个个的复读机，他们希望考生在了解原文原意的情况下可以灵活地转述，这也的确符合我们的常识。

　　生活中，别人和我们聊天我们怎么可能记住朋友说的每一句话呢，没有必要也没有意义，因为我们只要能把握每场对话的核心和精髓，用自己的话能表达出来就好了。

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