使用因果关系词侵占托福阅览

来源：青岛朗阁

浏览：

发布日期：2015-02-03 16:33

摘要：提到托福考试阅览有些中的因果关系词，绝大有些的考生都不生疏，信手拈来也能说上三五个有关词，如：because、so、since、result from、due to、therefore、as a consequence，而这些逻辑关系如安在托福阅览中帮忙咱们解题的呢？今天青岛朗阁托福培训专家们

提到托福考试阅览有些中的因果关系词，绝大有些的考生都不生疏，信手拈来也能说上三五个有关词，如：because、so、since、result from、due to、therefore、as a consequence，而这些逻辑关系如安在托福阅览中帮忙咱们解题的呢？今天青岛朗阁托福培训专家们就协助咱们逐个侵占。

首要，因果关系词，本来有两类，一个是标明缘由的：as、since、thanks to、as result of、because of、owing to、result from、due to、on account of、by virtue of、in that、attribute to；另一个是标明作用的：as a consequence、thus、hence、so、as a result、result in、contribute to、lead to、cause、breed、trigger

紧接着，咱们来看托福阅览的语句简化题。这道题需要考生快速地把文章期间中打上阴影的一个长难句简化成一个意思不变的同义句。朗阁海外考试研讨基地的专家们发现一个规矩，那就是：原句的基地信息在准确选项中一定被同义改写了，但是语句中的重要的逻辑关系是不会变的。晓得这个规矩，解开这道题就变得简略了。

下面，咱们来看TPO3 Desertification这篇文章的语句简化题：

The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.
A      Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.
B      Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land.
C      The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.
D      Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.

许多托福考生在做语句简化题时，习气性地把待简化的语句翻译成中文，那样做本来不只慢，并且很简略乱。

准确的做法是：

1. 找出语句的主谓宾，也就是谁做了啥，然后重视语句的逻辑关系。例题的主语是：seriousness of desertification，逻辑关系词是标明缘由的：result from，所以咱们可以优先看有标明缘由的选项，他们中若有准确答案，那么剩余的选项就无需过问了。这样做不只快，并且效率高。咱们不难发现：A选项中有because；B选项中有because of；所以咱们先看这两个选项。

2. 咱们还发现缘由用as well as相连，阐明是两个缘由，一个是影响land和people，一个是reverse和slow the process很难。A选项准确表达了句意，而B选项把原文中并排的两个缘由变成了因果关系，很明显是错的。

下面朗阁海外考试研讨基地的专家再带领咱们看一道托福阅览最难的题型：揣度题，咱们好好剖析一下因果关系词在托福阅览中是怎么运用的。

Paragraph 4: So, in another set of experiments, Kramer put identical food boxes around the cage, with food in only one of the boxes. The boxes were stationary, and the one containing food was always at the same point of the compass. However, its position with respect to the surroundings could be changed by revolving either the inner cage containing the birds or the outer walls, which served as the background. As long as the birds could see the Sun, no matter how their surroundings were altered, they went directly to the correct food box. Whether the box appeared in front of the right wall or the left wall, they showed no signs of confusion. On overcast days, however, the birds were disoriented and had trouble locating their food box.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 4 about Kramer’s reason for filling one food box and leaving the rest empty?
A      He believed the birds would eat food from only one box.
B      He wanted to see whether the Sun alone controlled the birds' ability to navigate toward the box with food.
C      He thought that if all the boxes contained food, this would distract the birds from following their migratory route.
D      He needed to test whether the birds preferred having the food at any particular point of the compass.

首要，咱们来清楚一下揣度的界说（infer, imply, indicate），纵使它是揣度题，也不是意味着这题是主观臆断，臆想或是联想得出的。这道题也是要经过获取题干中的关键字到文章中的清楚方位，然后文中没有平淡无奇地告诉你答案，需要咱们根据一些条理找到答案。

接下来咱们来看一下这道题，题干中呈现Kramer, filling one food box and leaving the rest empty定位在第四段榜首句：with food in only one of the boxes，而解开这道题的关键就在于：reason。咱们看到榜首句话一开始提到，so, in another set of experiments，很明显，答案并不在这一段，而是上一段的毕竟。所以答案是B。

毕竟，朗阁海外考试研讨基地的专家来剖析一道语句刺进题。语句刺进题解题基地就在于要把待刺进语句放在方框内，使得它能和上下文联接稳当。

怎么做到上下文联接稳当？其一：句意。其二：逻辑。假定待刺进语句中呈现代词加名词短语，咱们一定在原文中找到这个代词的指代；假定文中只需一处合适，答案就是那句话的后边；假定有两处以上契合，那么咱们就查询一下这句话中有没有逻辑关系词，咱们一定要断定这句话和上文逻辑关系准确。

Paragraph 6: ■Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. ■Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.
Where would the sentence best fit?

带刺进语句中呈现名词：tuna，咱们不难发现，这段就是环绕tuna来写的，所以考虑逻辑关系词：consequently，标明上文提到了缘由，下文应该是吞拿鱼不吸水的作用。咱们在第二个方框后看到accordingly，这个词也是标明作用，后边提到“他们丢掉了大有些用于吸水的肌肉”，所以这道题极好做了，逻辑简略，肯定是不吸水在先，然后才会丢掉肌肉，所以答案是B。

扫二维码，添加朗阁咨询老师，备注“官网”

免费领取雅思、托福备考计划、精选资料，最新口语新题考点资料

朗阁

使用因果关系词侵占托福阅览

扫二维码，添加朗阁咨询老师，备注“官网”

热门推荐

热门课程

大家都在看

猜你喜欢

30天热搜

关于朗阁

雅思培训

北美培训