青岛朗阁：2016年2月13日雅思阅读考试真题回顾及解析
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发布日期：2016-02-16 10:34
摘要：2016年2月13日的雅思阅读考试考了什么题目?青岛朗阁小编为大家带来了2016年2月13日的雅思阅读考试真题回顾及解析，希望对雅思考生们有所帮助~
2016年2月13日的雅思阅读考试考了什么题目?青岛朗阁小编为大家带来了2016年2月13日的雅思阅读考试真题回顾及解析，希望对雅思考生们有所帮助~
青岛朗阁 李园
| 考试日期： | 2016年2月13日 |
| Reading Passage 1 | |
| Title: | 关于slow food的理念的推广 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑7Test 2Passage2 有关食物 |
| Reading Passage 2 | |
| Title: | 关于双胞胎的基因研究 |
| Question types: |
Which paragraph contains the following information; Summary Completion; Multiple Choices |
| 文章内容回顾 和 参考答案 |
文章大意：讲关于双胞胎的研究，nature vs nurture的问题。文章结构大约是，关于双胞胎问题的研究起源，对许多领域的研究有贡献，曾经遭到质疑和原因，现在引发了新的研究热潮，许多专家就不同主题做实验，结论是具体是nature还是nurture很复杂，基因某种程度也决定了环境。 参考答案： M: （14--18 ） 貌似前四题是BBAE，还有一题不记得了，可能是C which paragraph contain these information？ 15 双保胎得什么病的可能性 :遗传因素。 16 研究双胞胎对医学的帮助 17 一个试验说明一个理论可信性不足 （第4段，说到DNA）会得同样的病。。 多选3题，关于哪个被科学家接受了 24关于鸡蛋的A 25选了个D 26 B S: （19—20） 19. 第一个被区分的人是？（Francis Galton） 20 “从哪一年开始允许对双胞胎进行医学上的试验的？ 19XX (第一段) M：选3个 关于一个方面的研究 选项有CANCER，听力，头发，药物试验vitD过敏 21人体的感觉 A 22（忘了）E？ 23头发的脱落 F 24-26 哪三个得到科学证实？ （不记得选哪个了） 选项有：VC有助于治病（感冒）是不对的 怀孕女人吃甜的影响更大，皮肤什么什么 吸烟者后天影响比基因影响大 |
| 相关英文原文阅读 |
（相似文章仅供参考）：Twin Study: Two of a kind A THE scientific study of twins goes back to the late 19th century, when Francis Galton, an early geneticist, realised that they came in two varieties: identical twins born from one egg and non-identical twins that had come from two. That insight turned out to be key, although it was not until 1924 that it was used to formulate what is known as the twin rule of pathology，and twin studies really got going. B The twin rule of pathology states that any heritable disease will be more concordant (that is, more likely to be jointly present or absent) in identical twins than in non-identical twins-- and, in turn, will be more concordant in non-identical twins than in non-siblings. Early work, for example, showed that the statistical correlation of skin-mole counts between identical twins was 0.4, while non-identical twins had a correlation of only 0.2. (A score of 1.0 implies perfect correlation, while a score of zero implies no correlation.) This result suggests that moles arc heritable, but it also implies that there is an environmental component to the development of moles, otherwise the correlation in identical twins would be close to 1.0. C Twin research has shown that whether or not someone lakes up smoking is determined mainly by environmental factors, but once he does so, how much he smokes is largely down to his genes. And while a person's religion is dearly a cultural attribute, there is a strong genetic component to religious fundamentalism. Twin studies are also unraveling the heritability of various aspects of human personality. Traits from neuroticism and anxiety to thrill- and novelty- seeking all have large genetic components. Parenting matters, but it does not determine personality in the way that some had thought. D More importantly, perhaps, twin studies are helping the understanding of diseases such as cancer，asthma，osteoporosis, arthritis and immune disorders. And twins can be used，within ethical limits, for medical experiments. A study that administered vitamin C to one twin and a placebo to the other found that it had no effect on the common cold. The lesson from all today's twin studies is that most human traits are at least partially influenced by genes. However, for the most part, the age-old dichotomy between nature and nurture is not very useful. Many genetic programs are open to input from the environment，and genes arc frequently switched on or off by environmental signals. It is also possible that genes themselves influence their environment. Some humans have an innate preference for participation in sports. Others are drawn to novelty. Might people also be drawn to certain kinds of friends and types of experience? In this way, a person’s genes might shape the environment they act in as much as the environment shapes the actions of the genes. E In the past, such research has been controversial. Josef Mengele，a Nazi doctor working at the Auschwitz extermination camp during the second world war，was fascinated by twins. He sought them out among arrivals at the camp and preserved them from the gas-chambers for a series of brutal experiments. After the war, Cyril Burt, a British psychologist who worked on the heredity of intelligence, tainted twin research with results that appear, in retrospect, to have been rather too good. Some of his data on identical twins who had been reared apart were probably faked. In any case, the prevailing ideology in the social sciences after the war was Marxist，and disliked suggestions that differences in human potential might have underlying genetic causes. Twin studies were thus viewed with suspicion. F The ideological pendulum has swung back; however, as the human genome project and its aftermath have turned genes from abstract concepts to real pieces of DNA. The role of genes in sensitive areas such as intelligence is acknowledged by all but a few die-hards. The interesting questions now concern how nature and nurture interact to produce particular bits of biology, rather than which of the two is more important. Twin studies, which arc a good way to ask these questions, arc back in fashion, and many twins are enthusiastic participants in this research. G Research at the Twinsburg festival began in a small way，with a single stand in 1979. Gradually, news spread, and more scientists began turning up. This year, half a dozen groups of researchers were lodged in a specially pitched research tent. In one corner of this tent，Paul Breslin, who works at the Monell Institute in Philadelphia, watched over several tables where twins sat sipping clear liquids from cups and making notes. It was the team's third year at Twinsburg. Dr Breslin and his colleagues want to find out how genes influence human perception， particularly the senses of smell and taste and those (warmth，cold，pain，tingle, itch and so on) that result from stimulation of the skin. Perception is an example of something that is probably influcnccd by both genes and experience. Even before birth, people are exposed to flavours such as chocolate, garlic, mint and vanilla that pass intact into the bloodstream, and thus to the fetus. Though it is not yet dear whether such pre-natal exposure shapes taste-perception, there is evidence that it shapes preferences for foods encountered later in life. H However, there are clearly genetic influences at work, as well—for example in the ability to taste quinine. Some people experience this as intensely bitter, even when it is present at very low levels. Others, whose genetic endowment is different, are less bothered by it. Twin studies make this extremely clear. Within a pair of identical twins，either both，or neither, will find quinine hard to swallow. Non-identical twins will agree less frequently. I On the other side of the tent Dennis Drayna，from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, in Maryland, was studying hearing. He wants to know what happens to sounds after they reach the car. It is not dear, he says, whether sound is processed into sensation mostly in the ear or in the brain. Dr Drayna has already been involved in a twin study which revealed that the perception of musical pitch is highly heritable. At Twinsburg，he is playing different words, or parts of words, into the left and right ears of his twinned volunteers. The composite of the two sounds that an individual reports hearing depends on how he processes this diverse information and that, Dr Drayna believes，may well be influenced by genetics. J Elsewhere in the marquee, Peter Miraldi，of Kent State University in Ohio，was trying to find out whether genes affect an individual’s motivation to communicate with others. A number of twin studies have shown that personality and sociability are heritable, so he thinks this is fertile ground. And next to Mr. Miraldi was a team of dermatologists from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland. They are looking at the development of skin diseases and male-pattern baldness. The goal of the latter piece of research is to find the genes responsible for making men's hair fall out. K The busiest part of the tent, however, was the queue for forensic-science research into fingerprints. The origins of this study are shrouded in mystery. For many months, the festival’s organisers have been convinced that the Secret Service-- the American government agency responsible for, among other things，the safety of the president-- is behind it. When The Economist contacted the Secret Service for more information, we were referred to Steve Nash, who is chairman of the International Association for Identification (IAI)，and is also a detective in the scientific investigations section of the Marin County Sheriffs Office in California. The IAI, based in Minnesota, is an organisation of forensic scientists from around the world. Among other things, it publishes the Journal of Forensic Identification. |
| 题型难度分析 | 这篇文章是一篇旧文，题型出现了段落配信息、。 |
| 题型技巧分析 |
段落配信息对是雅思考试中比较难的题型，我们来分析一下这类题目的做题技巧： 首先，让我们来了解一下这种题目的出题特点。 1. 彻底同义转换 和其它题型不同的是，这种题型是对原文一句话或者一段话进行的彻底同义转换，个别甚至是高度概括，因此几乎不存在任何定位词，因此不能根据定位词到原文中定位答案。考生必须具备非常强的语言理解能力，才能快速识别出文章信息和段落信息的相似之处，从而找到答案。 2. 完全乱序 由于这种题型是要求把细节信息与所在的段落进行配对，因此是绝对打乱顺序出题的。 3. 部分题目存在重复选项 在雅思阅读中，段落细节配对题以两种形式出现，一种是每个选项只能用一次，另外一种题型，在Instruction的最后一句往往有这样的提示： NB You may use any letter more than once. 如果出现这样的提示，则说明某些段落可以重复选用。剑桥真题集中的真题以及笔者、考生的实际考试经历证明，这种指令往往意味着有且仅有一个选项可以使用两次。 4. 从题量上来看，存在着以下两种可能： 1) 题量=段落数+1（肯定带NB） 2) 题量小于段落数两个以上 由于每个选项只能重复使用一次，因此第一种题型就意味着每个段落都会有至少一个答案，而第二种题型则不能保证每段都有。 5. 永远是第一个题型 不管在A类考试还是G类的考试中，我们发现，这种题目永远是出现在第一个题型，而且这种题型与段落标题配对题型List of headings属于“相克题型”，即这两者不可能同时出现。 6. 有部分题目与其后的题目有关联 由于这种题型一般都是跨全文出的，因此跟后面的题目不可避免地出现交叉，因此有可能根据后面的题目来推断出细节所在的位置。 题量=段落数+1, 且带NB的题型： 前面讲过，由于段落细节配对题的出题特点，这种题型往往暗示了每段都会有至少一个答案，那么这种题目适合用“通篇浏览”的方法来做。具体步骤如下： 1. 阅读所有题目，划出关键词 关键词就是能最大限度上概括整个句子的单词或短语，第一步划出关键词，在短时间内将所有的题目进行高度的浓缩，符合人类短期记忆的规律。 2. 通读所有段落，依次寻找答案 因为每段都会有答案，因此现在所需要做的事情就是到每段去找答案。要注意在选出信息后，要在选出的段落上做上记号，以免浪费时间。 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑4 Test 2Passage3 |
| Reading Passage 3 | |
| Title: | 古典希腊文的教学方式探讨 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 | 剑7 Test 1Passage3（有关教学的） |
|
考试趋势分析和备考指导： 本周考试同学较少，回忆仅限第二篇 有关双胞胎的研究，敬请谅解 本次雅思阅读考试出现了很多“人见人烦”的段落细节配对题。由于配对题对考生的词汇和句型理解要求相当高，所以每位考生在上考场之前一定要把自己的英语基本功打牢，达到雅思所要求的词汇量和语法要求。毕竟雅思考试是考查真实的语言能力。基础薄弱的同学一定要开始认真打基础，稳扎稳打，反复操练，逐渐积累，切不可迷信所谓“技巧”，因为任何应试技巧都是建立在英语基础之上的，没有扎实的英语功底，任何技巧都是空谈。基础较好而考分要求较高的同学也不可骄傲自大，应耐心地将自己做错的题目仔细和原文进行比对、分析，时间允许的话应当将文章进行仔细的阅读。 |
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