在上一篇文章中，我们看了托福阅读修辞目的题的问题形式、考题用意和问题分类中的第一种。下面，我们继续来看托福阅读修辞目的题问题分类的其他三种，托福考生们跟着青岛朗阁小编继续向下看吧~

　　2.假设题干关键词所在句子(以下简称本句话)在段落中间，而且没有for example, for instance, such as, like等举例词汇出现，那么本句话一般都是表示对比，为了突出主干意思。对于该托福阅读修辞目的题类型，做题方法：

　　第一步：看关键词所在句子。找到本句话主干，看句子意思，答案即为本句话。

　　第二步：看下一句。理清句子意思以及其和上句话之间的联系。

　　第三步：看上一句。并联系三句话意思。

　　答案一般出现在本句话中，选择主干意思跟本句接近或者逻辑吻合的选项即为答案。另外，也可以用排除法(上面有提到过)。接下来，看一道托福阅读修辞目的题例题：

　　Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. They appear only in equatorial regions and generally do not form extensive interconnected networks. Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains. The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped “islands” (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormous―perhaps as much as a hundred times greater than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. Flooding shaped the outflow channels approximately 3 billion years ago, about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed.

　　In the paragraph above, why does the author include the information that 105 tons of water flow through the Amazon river per second?

　　A. To emphasize the great size of the volume of water that seems to have flowed through Mars’ outflow channels

　　B. To indicate data used by scientists to estimate how long ago Mars’ outflow channels were formed

　　C. To argue that flash floods on Mars may have been powerful enough to cause tear-shaped “islands” to form

　　D. To argue that the force of flood waters on Mars was powerful enough to shape the northern volcanic plains

　　根据上述方法，题干关键词所在句子为：Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormous―perhaps as much as a hundred times greater than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. 本句话整体意思：从运河的深度和宽度来看，流速真的很大，或许比亚马逊河一秒105吨水的100倍还要大。那提到105吨水的目的就是为了证明主干：水的流速真的很大(注意该句子里面的破折号，是为了解释或补充说明前面信息)。根据该意思，利用排除法：A，为了强调流过火星外流河的水量真的很大，正确，跟原文信息一致;B，为了表明科学家们用来测量火星何时形成所使用的数据，错误，托福阅读原文所说主干意思并非数据;C，为了说明火星上的洪水足够形成泪珠状的岛屿，错误，本句话强调意思并非如此;D，为了表明火星上的水足够有力形成北部火山平原，错误，托福阅读原文中并没有指出。由此可见，答案是A，即和本句话主干意思一致。

　　3.假设关键词所在句子没有出现for example, for instance, such as, like之类的词汇，但本句话的描述又太过具体(相对上下文来说)，其实也是“隐藏的”举例，这个时候，应该：

　　第一步：看本句话，弄懂意思。

　　第二步：看上一句话，一般都是答案。

　　第三步：看下一句，再次验证。

　　答案一般出现在第二步，即上句话。其实该托福阅读修辞目的题类型和第一种很像，只不过没有明显的举例词汇，找一个跟上句话意思一致的选项即可。如下题：

　　More extended trading networks also helped develop Europe's economy in this period. English and Dutch ships carrying rye from the Baltic states reached Spain and Portugal. Population growth generated an expansion of small-scale manufacturing, particularly of handicrafts, textiles, and metal production in England, Flanders, parts of northern Italy, the southwestern German states, and parts of Spain. Only iron smelting and mining required marshaling a significant amount of capital (wealth invested to create more wealth).

　　Why does the author mention that English and Dutch ships carrying rye from the Baltic states reached Spain and Portugal?

　　A. To suggest that England and the Netherlands were the two most important trading nations in seventeenth-century Europe

　　B. To suggest how extensive trading relations were

　　C. To contrast the importance of agricultural products with manufactured products

　　D. To argue that shipping introduced a range of new products

　　此道托福阅读修辞目的题题干关键词所在句子English and Dutch ships carrying rye from the Baltic states reached Spain and Portugal. 大意为：English and Dutch的船带着来自于Baltic states的黑麦到达了Spain and Portugal。虽然没有举例词，但本句话描述比较具体(涉及到了具体的国家)，所以是为了证明上句话，即More extended trading networks also helped develop Europe's economy in this period，大意为：更广泛的贸易网络帮助发展了欧洲在这个时期的经济，找与此意思相仿的选项，同时利用排除法：A，为了暗示England and the Netherlands是两个最重要的贸易国家，错误，跟上句话意思不一致;B，为了暗示贸易网络如何广泛，正确，跟上句话意思一致;C，为了对比农业产品和手工业产品的意义，错误，跟上句话意思不一致;D，为了争论水路运输带来了新的产品，错误，跟上句话意思不一致。综上所述，答案是B。

　　4.假设关键词所在句子在段落的开头或者结尾，那么就看开头或者结尾的意思就可以了，跟上一种类型做法类似。比如：

　　Most lightning takes place within a cloud when the charge separation within the cloud collapses. However, as the storm cloud develops, the ground beneath the cloud becomes positively charged and lightning can take place in the form of an electrical discharge between the negative charge of the cloud and the positively charged ground. Lightning that strikes the ground is the most likely to be destructive, so even though it represents only 20 percent of all lightning, it has received a lot of scientific attention.

　　The author remarks that "Lightning that strikes the ground is the most likely to be destructive" in order to explain why

　　A. This form of lightning has been investigated so much

　　B. This form of lightning is not as common as lightning within a cloud

　　C. Scientific understanding of this form of lightning is important

　　D. The buildup of positive charge on the ground beneath a storm cloud can have serious consequences

　　本道托福阅读修辞目的题关键词定位在最后一句，即Lightning that strikes the ground is the most likely to be destructive, so even though it represents only 20 percent of all lightning, it has received a lot of scientific attention.，主干大意为：撞击地表的闪电最有可能具有破坏性，所以即使它只代表了所有闪电的20%，它依然受到了广泛的科学关注。利用排除法，选出意思相仿的选项，即为A。

　　如果大家在做题的时候，碰到上述情况依然找不到答案，那么就看下段落首句或是附近意思即可找到答案。

　　好了，关于托福阅读修辞目的题我们就说到这里了，希望考生们看完上述内容后能有所收益，以后再碰到这类题可以快速解题。青岛朗阁智美专注于托福培训，还有问题可以咨询我们的在线客服哦~

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